Natural Gas Processing: Technology and Engineering Design

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Natural Gas Processing: Technology and Engineering Design

Introduction

Natural Gas Processing: Technology and Engineering Design

     Natural gas is considered the dominant worldwide bridge between fossil fuels of today and future resources of tomorrow. Thanks to the recent shale boom in North America, natural gas is in a surplus and quickly becoming a major international commodity. Stay current with conventional and now unconventional gas standards and procedures with Natural Gas Processing: Technology and Engineering Design. Covering the entire natural gas process, Bahadori's must-have handbook provides everything you need to know about natural gas, including: 

    Fundamental background on natural gas properties and single/multiphase flow factors How to pinpoint equipment selection criteria, such as US and international standards, codes, and critical design considerations A step-by-step simplification of the major gas processing procedures, like sweetening, dehydration, and sulfur recovery Detailed explanation on plant engineering and design steps for natural gas projects, helping managers and contractors understand how to schedule, plan, and manage a safe and efficient processing plant.

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Table of Contents

Chapter 1. Overview of Natural Gas Resources

1.1. The formation of natural gas

1.2. Conventional natural gas resources

1.3. Gas reservoir fluids

1.4. Unconventional natural gas resources

1.5. Hydraulic fracturing

Chapter 2. Natural Gas Properties

2.1. Fluid distribution in reservoir

2.2. Phase behavior of hydrocarbon systems

2.3. Pressure–volume–temperature properties of hydrocarbon fluids

2.4. Gas compressibility factor

2.5. Equation of state

2.6. Gas specific gravity

2.7. Gas density

2.8. Specific volume

2.9. Isothermal compressibility of gases

2.10. Gas formation volume factor

2.11. Standard volume

2.12. Acentric factor

2.13. Viscosity

2.14. Thermal conductivity

2.15. Gross heating value of natural gases

Chapter 3. Single-phase and Multiphase Flow in Natural Gas Production Systems

3.1. Basic fluid flow theory

3.2. Process pipe sizing for plants located onshore single phase

3.3. Process pipe sizing for plants located offshore

3.4. Transmission pipelines

3.5. Two-phase mixture properties

3.6. Two-phase flow pressure drop

3.7. General aspects in design of piping systems in oil, gas, and petrochemical plants

3.8. Isometric drawings

3.9. Line identification list

3.10. Pipe supports

3.11. Pressure testing diagram

3.12. Tie-in diagram

3.13. Above-ground piping systems

3.14. Valves

3.15. Flanges

Chapter 4. Gas–Liquid Separators

4.1. Gravity settling

4.2. Gas–liquid separators in oil and gas processing

4.3. Conventional gas–liquid separators

4.4. Design criteria of separators

4.5. Gas–liquid separator sizing

4.6. Specification sheet

4.7. Mist eliminator type and installation point

4.8. Centrifugal gas–liquid separators

4.9. Flare knock-out drums

4.10. Gas–liquid filter separators

4.11. Process requirements of vessels, reactors, and separators

4.12. Nature of the feed

4.13. Solid–liquid separators

4.14. Typical equations, which can be used for terminal velocity calculation

4.15. Vessels

Chapter 5. Gas Compressors

5.1. Type selection criteria

5.2. Centrifugal compressors

5.3. Design criteria

5.4. Reciprocating compressors

5.5. Axial compressors

5.6. Screw compressors

5.7. Rotary compressors

5.8. Compressor cooling water jacket

5.9. Atmospheric pressure

5.10. Specification sheets

5.11. Material for axial and centrifugal compressors and expander-compressors

5.12. Centrifugal and axial compressors

5.13. Integrally geared compressors

5.14. Expander-compressors

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Chapter 6. Blow-Down and Flare Systems

6.1. Blow-down system for vapor relief stream

6.2. Blow-down system for liquid relief stream

6.3. Design of disposal system components

6.4. Sizing a knock-out drum

6.5. Quench drum

6.6. Flares

6.7. Burning pits

6.8. Determination of liquid level in a horizontal vessel

6.9. Sample calculation for sizing a flare stack

6.10. Process design of emergency measures

Chapter 7. Safety Relive Valves Design

7.1. Provisions of pressure safety relief valves

7.2. Provisions of temperature safety valves

7.3. Provisions of vacuum safety valves

7.4. Provisions of rupture disks

7.5. Spare safety valves

7.6. Selection of type

7.7. Closed spring type valves

7.8. Safety valves with lifting devices

7.9. Temperature safety relief valves

7.10. Safety valve caps

7.11. Safety valve drains

7.12. Rupture disc types

7.13. Safety valve bonnet

7.14. Set pressure

7.15. Pressure safety or relief valve set pressure

Chapter 8. Sizing of Valve and Control Valve

8.1. Manual valves

8.2. Check valves

8.3. Control valves

8.4. Control valve sizing

8.5. Calculating Cv for liquids

8.6. Liquid sizing examples

8.7. Calculating Cv for gases

8.8. Calculating Cv for two phase flow

8.9. Engineering and material for control valves

8.10. Control valve body size and flange rating

Chapter 9. Natural Gas Dehydration

9.1. Phase behavior of dehydrated natural gas

9.2. Water content of natural gases

9.3. Gas water content prediction using generalized charts

9.4. Gas water content prediction using empirical methods

9.5. Methods based on EOS

9.6. Hydrates in natural gas systems

9.7. Thermodynamic model for the hydrate phase

9.8. Hydrate predictions for high CO2/H2S content gases

9.9. Hydrate inhibition

9.10. Natural gas dehydration methods

9.11. Adsorption of water by a solid

Chapter 10. Natural Gas Sweetening

10.1. Chemical solvent processes

10.2. Process selection

10.3. Chemical reaction processes

10.4. Simplified design calculations

10.5. General considerations

10.6. Corrosion in gas sweetening plants

10.7. Flash tank

10.8. Combined physical/chemical purification processes

10.9. Carbonate process

10.10. Physical absorption methods

10.11. Solid bed sweetening methods (batch Processes)

10.12. Process design

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