Power Factor Correction Capacitors Theory & Applications

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Power Factor Correction Capacitors Theory & Applications

Power Factor Correction capacitors Theory & Applications


How does Power Factor work?

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Introduction:

The vast majority of plant loads are inductive and need a magnetic field to function: Transformers, fluorescent lighting, and motors

Although necessary, the magnetic field doesn't actually do any work.

The utility must provide both the active power (P), which does useful work, and the reactive power (Q), which creates the magnetic field. You are responsible for paying for everything.

You pay for "P" through power consumption, and you pay for "Q" through a penalty for poor power factor.

The active and reactive components are these two categories of current.

Definition of power factor

The active power to apparent power ratio of a load yields the power factor for that load.

i.e., the ratio of KW to KVA at any given time.

What we shall discover is that most industrial loads need both reactive and actual power to function well.

You must pay for BOTH active and apparent power (low power factor penalty for apparent power).

instances 1 and 2

The REACTIVE power does not need to be supplied by the utility because capacitors can supply it.

Your money is saved through capacitors!

Table of contents in Power Factor Correction Capacitors Theory & Applications

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Introduction
Voltage & Current Relations for Different Electric Elements
What is Power Factor?
Introduction
Power Factor Definition
Power Triangle
What we will learn:
Why apply Power Factor Correction?
1. Reduction of apparent power demand
2. Line current reduction
3. Voltage rise
4. Gaining active power
5. Power losses reduction Practical effect of power factor correction capacitors Capacitors in the electric circuits
Capacitors in the electric circuits
1. Normal circuit (not compensated)
2. Parallel capacitor compensated circuit
3. Series capacitor compensated circuit
4. Affect of Parallel capacitor modified circuit Calculation of the Required Reactive Power Compensation Optimal Capacitor bank location Automatic capacitor control system (ACCS) Automatic capacitor control system (ACCS) operational logic Automatic capacitor control system (ACCS) inputs & outputs Capacitor bank protection SEC Specifications for capacitor protection & control Capacitor Fusing Capacitor Unbalance Protection Schemes Case study: capacitor wrong tripping analysis References
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